Planting Calendar: Gravmark
Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
Method
Rel. frost
Last spring frost (0°C)
23 May
Frost 3 of 4 years · 20 years of data
Frost-free season
100 days
23 May – 31 Aug
Probability that frost is over
25% = Half of years are frost-free by this date. More about frost & season →
Custom date
Note: This location has a shorter growing season. Plants marked with Fleece, Greenhouse or Season too short need extra protection or are difficult to grow here.
Vegetables
| Plant | Sow indoors | Transplant | Direct sow | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earliest | Latest | Growing time | Earliest | Latest | Rel. frost | Earliest | Latest | Rel. frost | |
|
Cauliflower
Brassica oleracea (Botrytis-gruppen)
|
4 – 18 Apr
|
13 Jun
|
5-7 wk |
23 May
|
18 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
8 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Broccoli
Brassica oleracea (Italica-gruppen)
|
11 – 25 Apr
|
25 Jun
|
4-6 wk |
23 May
|
23 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Chili pepper
Capsicum annuum
Greenhouse
|
6 Mar – 3 Apr
|
29 Mar
|
8-12 wk |
29 May
|
1 wk after | ||||
|
Curly Kale
Brassica oleracea (Curly Kale-gruppen)
|
4 – 18 Apr
|
8 Jun
|
5-7 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Garden cucumber
Cucumis sativus
Fleece
|
8 – 15 May
|
23 May
|
3-4 wk |
5 Jun
|
13 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Florence Fennel
Foeniculum vulgare
Fleece
|
1 – 8 May
|
24 May
|
4-5 wk |
5 Jun
|
21 Jun
|
2 wk after |
17 Jun
|
4 wk after | |
|
Butter bean
Phaseolus lunatus
Season too short
|
3 – 10 Jun
|
3-4 wk |
1 Jul
|
6 wk after | |||||
|
Onion
Allium cepa (Cepa-gruppen)
|
28 Feb – 28 Mar
|
19 Mar
|
8-12 wk |
23 May
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | ||
|
Onion (sets)
Allium cepa (Cepa-gruppen)
|
24 May
|
3 Jun
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
24 May
|
0 wk | |||
|
Maize
Zea mays
Fleece
|
1 – 8 May
|
13 May
|
3-4 wk |
29 May
|
3 Jun
|
1 wk after | |||
|
Swiss Chard
Beta vulgaris (Flavescens-gruppen)
|
27 Apr – 4 May
|
20 Jun
|
3-4 wk |
25 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
1 Jul
|
2 wk after |
|
Carrot
Daucus carota subsp. sativus var. sativus
|
23 May
|
1 Jul
|
0 wk |
23 May
|
21 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Palm Kale
Brassica oleracea (Palm Kale-gruppen)
|
4 – 18 Apr
|
8 Jun
|
5-7 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Potato
Solanum tuberosum
|
21 Apr – 5 May
|
17 May
|
4-6 wk |
2 Jun
|
14 Jun
|
1 wk after |
2 Jun
|
4 Jun
|
1 wk after |
|
Ornamental Kale
Brassica oleracea (Ornamental-gruppen)
|
4 – 18 Apr
|
16 Jun
|
5-7 wk |
23 May
|
21 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Pumpkin
Cucurbita pepo
|
27 May – 3 Jun
|
28 May
|
3-4 wk |
24 Jun
|
5 wk after | ||||
|
Beetroot
Beta vulgaris (Conditiva-gruppen)
|
27 Apr – 4 May
|
24 May
|
3-4 wk |
25 May
|
14 Jun
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | |
|
Red Cabbage
Brassica oleracea (Red Cabbage-gruppen)
|
11 – 25 Apr
|
20 Jun
|
4-6 wk |
23 May
|
18 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Lettuce
Lactuca sativa
|
25 Apr – 2 May
|
5 Jul
|
3-4 wk |
23 May
|
26 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
16 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Savoy Cabbage
Brassica oleracea (Savoy Cabbage-gruppen)
|
11 – 25 Apr
|
20 Jun
|
4-6 wk |
23 May
|
18 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Shallot (bulbs)
Allium cepa (Aggregatum-gruppen)
|
25 Apr – 9 May
|
27 May
|
2-4 wk |
23 May
|
10 Jun
|
0 wk |
23 May
|
31 May
|
0 wk |
|
Shallot (sets)
Allium cepa (Aggregatum-gruppen)
|
24 May
|
3 Jun
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
24 May
|
0 wk | |||
|
Spinach
Spinacia oleracea
|
25 Apr – 2 May
|
22 Jul
|
3-4 wk |
23 May
|
12 Aug
|
0 wk |
20 May
|
2 Aug
|
0 wk |
|
Sweet potato
Ipomoea batatas
|
17 Jun – 1 Jul
|
4-6 wk |
29 Jul
|
10 wk after | |||||
|
Garden tomato
Solanum lycopersicum
Fleece
|
3 – 17 Apr
|
22 Apr
|
6-8 wk |
29 May
|
3 Jun
|
1 wk after | |||
|
Tomatillo
Physalis ixocarpa
|
|||||||||
|
Common Bean
Phaseolus vulgaris
|
8 – 22 May
|
30 May
|
2-4 wk |
5 Jun
|
13 Jun
|
2 wk after |
5 Jul
|
6 wk after | |
|
White Cabbage
Brassica oleracea (White Cabbage-gruppen)
|
11 – 25 Apr
|
20 Jun
|
4-6 wk |
23 May
|
18 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Garden pea
Pisum sativum
|
25 Apr – 2 May
|
20 Jun
|
3-4 wk |
23 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
1 Jul
|
0 wk |
Herbs
| Plant | Sow indoors | Transplant | Direct sow | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earliest | Latest | Growing time | Earliest | Latest | Rel. frost | Earliest | Latest | Rel. frost | |
|
Basil
Ocimum basilicum
Fleece
|
24 Apr – 8 May
|
17 May
|
4-6 wk |
5 Jun
|
14 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Lemon balm
Melissa officinalis
|
14 – 28 Mar
|
16 May
|
8-10 wk |
23 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk |
17 Jun
|
1 Jul
|
4 wk after |
|
Dill
Anethum graveolens
|
24 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk | ||||||
|
Wild chives
Allium schoenoprasum
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
1 Jun
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk |
|
Spearmint
Mentha spicata
|
28 Feb – 28 Mar
|
18 May
|
8-12 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
17 Jun
|
3 Jul
|
4 wk after |
|
Coriander
Coriandrum sativum
|
23 May
|
31 Jul
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
21 Jul
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Garden sage
Salvia officinalis
|
16 – 30 Mar
|
3 May
|
8-10 wk |
25 May
|
28 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Common thyme
Thymus vulgaris
|
14 – 28 Mar
|
8 May
|
8-10 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Oregano
Origanum vulgare
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
22 May
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk |
17 Jun
|
23 Jun
|
4 wk after |
|
Parsley
Petroselinum crispum
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
22 May
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
23 Jun
|
0 wk |
|
Rosemary
Salvia rosmarinus
|
16 Feb – 16 Mar
|
14 Mar
|
10-14 wk |
25 May
|
0 wk | ||||
Annual flowers
| Plant | Sow indoors | Transplant | Direct sow | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earliest | Latest | Growing time | Earliest | Latest | Rel. frost | Earliest | Latest | Rel. frost | |
|
Morning glory
Ipomoea tricolor
Fleece
|
8 – 15 May
|
24 May
|
3-4 wk |
5 Jun
|
14 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Cornflower
Centaurea cyanus
|
23 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Statice
Limonium sinuatum
|
27 Mar – 10 Apr
|
17 Apr
|
8-10 wk |
5 Jun
|
12 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Sweet William
Dianthus barbatus
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
0 wk |
2 Jun
|
1 wk after | |||
|
Snow-on-the-mountain
Euphorbia marginata
|
10 – 24 Apr
|
1 May
|
6-8 wk |
5 Jun
|
12 Jun
|
2 wk after |
29 Jul
|
10 wk after | |
|
Pinnate dahlia
Dahlia × pinnata
|
8 – 22 Apr
|
10 May
|
6-8 wk |
3 Jun
|
21 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Pinnate dahlia (tubers)
Dahlia × pinnata
|
22 Apr – 20 May
|
24 May
|
4-8 wk |
17 Jun
|
21 Jun
|
4 wk after |
17 Jun
|
4 wk after | |
|
Foxglove
Digitalis purpurea
|
14 – 28 Mar
|
8-10 wk |
23 May
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Busy lizzie
Impatiens walleriana
|
1 – 29 Apr
|
4 Jun
|
8-12 wk |
24 Jun
|
30 Jul
|
5 wk after | |||
|
Creeping zinnia
Sanvitalia procumbens
|
10 – 24 Apr
|
11 May
|
6-8 wk |
5 Jun
|
22 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Hyacinth bean
Dolichos lablab
Season too short
|
24 Apr – 8 May
|
4-6 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||||
|
Chinese lantern
Physalis alkekengi
|
16 – 30 Mar
|
6 Apr
|
8-10 wk |
25 May
|
1 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Love in a mist
Nigella damascena
|
23 May
|
26 Jun
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
16 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Strawflower
Xerochrysum bracteatum
Fleece
|
3 – 17 Apr
|
2 May
|
6-8 wk |
29 May
|
13 Jun
|
1 wk after |
12 Jul
|
7 wk after | |
|
Purple-top vervain
Verbena bonariensis
|
2 – 30 Mar
|
6 Apr
|
8-12 wk |
25 May
|
1 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Cardoon
Cynara cardunculus
Greenhouse
|
28 Feb – 28 Mar
|
19 Mar
|
8-12 wk |
23 May
|
0 wk | ||||
|
Regal-foxtail
Ptilotus nobilis
Fleece
|
13 Mar – 10 Apr
|
9 Apr
|
8-12 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | ||||
|
Globe amaranth
Gomphrena globosa
Fleece
|
10 – 24 Apr
|
23 Apr
|
6-8 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | ||||
|
Corn poppy
Papaver rhoeas
|
23 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
1 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Snapdragon
Antirrhinum majus
|
28 Feb – 28 Mar
|
6 May
|
8-12 wk |
23 May
|
1 Jul
|
0 wk |
2 Jun
|
21 Jun
|
1 wk after |
|
Flossflower
Ageratum houstonianum
|
15 – 29 Apr
|
27 Apr
|
8-10 wk |
24 Jun
|
5 wk after | ||||
|
Sweet pea
Lathyrus odoratus
|
28 Mar – 18 Apr
|
29 May
|
5-8 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk | |||
|
Stock
Matthiola incana
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
30 May
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
11 Jul
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
1 Jul
|
2 wk after |
|
Wormwood
Artemisia absinthium
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
2 May
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jun
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | |
|
Mexican sunflower
Tithonia rotundifolia
Greenhouse
|
17 Apr – 1 May
|
19 May
|
4-6 wk |
29 May
|
16 Jun
|
1 wk after | |||
|
Garden pansy
Viola × wittrockiana
|
14 – 28 Mar
|
18 May
|
8-10 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jul
|
0 wk |
2 Jun
|
3 Jul
|
1 wk after |
|
Petunia
Petunia
|
13 Mar – 10 Apr
|
17 Apr
|
8-12 wk |
5 Jun
|
12 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Sweet Scabious
Scabiosa atropurpurea
|
30 Mar – 13 Apr
|
20 Apr
|
6-8 wk |
25 May
|
1 Jun
|
0 wk |
5 Jul
|
6 wk after | |
|
Common zinnia
Zinnia elegans
|
24 Apr – 8 May
|
17 May
|
4-6 wk |
5 Jun
|
14 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Common morning glory
Ipomoea purpurea
Fleece
|
1 – 15 May
|
24 May
|
3-5 wk |
5 Jun
|
14 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Garden cosmos
Cosmos bipinnatus
|
24 Apr – 8 May
|
24 May
|
4-6 wk |
5 Jun
|
21 Jun
|
2 wk after |
5 Jul
|
6 wk after | |
|
Scarlet milkweed
Asclepias curassavica
Fleece
|
1 – 29 Apr
|
9 May
|
8-12 wk |
24 Jun
|
4 Jul
|
5 wk after | |||
|
Bee balm
Monarda didyma
|
28 Feb – 28 Mar
|
16 Apr
|
8-12 wk |
23 May
|
11 Jun
|
0 wk |
17 Jun
|
4 wk after | |
|
Yarrow
Achillea millefolium
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
2 Apr
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | ||
|
Safflower
Carthamus tinctorius
|
23 May
|
13 Jun
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
3 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Iceland poppy
Papaver nudicaule
Season too short
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
22 May
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
3 Jul
|
0 wk |
7 May
|
23 Jun
|
2 wk before |
|
Bishop's flower
Ammi majus
|
11 – 25 Apr
|
3 Jun
|
4-6 wk |
23 May
|
1 Jul
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
21 Jun
|
2 wk after |
|
Drumsticks
Pycnosorus globosus
Greenhouse
|
6 – 20 Mar
|
29 Mar
|
10-12 wk |
29 May
|
7 Jun
|
1 wk after | |||
|
Sunflower
Helianthus annuus
|
8 – 15 May
|
22 May
|
3-4 wk |
5 Jun
|
12 Jun
|
2 wk after |
17 Jun
|
4 wk after | |
|
China aster
Callistephus chinensis
|
10 – 24 Apr
|
11 May
|
6-8 wk |
5 Jun
|
22 Jun
|
2 wk after |
5 Jul
|
6 wk after | |
|
Annual phlox
Phlox drummondii
|
3 – 17 Apr
|
11 May
|
6-8 wk |
29 May
|
22 Jun
|
1 wk after |
5 Jul
|
6 wk after | |
|
Hollyhock
Alcea rosea
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Alpine delphinium
Delphinium elatum
|
28 Feb – 28 Mar
|
16 Apr
|
8-12 wk |
23 May
|
11 Jun
|
0 wk |
17 Jun
|
4 wk after | |
|
African marigold
Tagetes erecta
|
10 – 24 Apr
|
11 May
|
6-8 wk |
5 Jun
|
22 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
|
30 Mar – 13 Apr
|
1 May
|
6-8 wk |
25 May
|
12 Jun
|
0 wk |
5 Jul
|
6 wk after | |
|
Wood sage
Salvia nemorosa
|
14 – 28 Mar
|
6 Apr
|
8-10 wk |
23 May
|
1 Jun
|
0 wk |
17 Jun
|
4 wk after | |
|
Black-eyed susan vine
Thunbergia alata
Fleece
|
27 Mar – 24 Apr
|
3 May
|
6-10 wk |
5 Jun
|
14 Jun
|
2 wk after | |||
|
California goldenpoppy
Eschscholzia californica
|
23 May
|
4 Jul
|
0 wk |
24 May
|
24 Jun
|
0 wk | |||
|
Painted tongue
Salpiglossis sinuata
Fleece
|
20 Mar – 3 Apr
|
26 Apr
|
8-10 wk |
29 May
|
21 Jun
|
1 wk after | |||
|
Water forget-me-not
Myosotis scorpioides
|
28 Mar – 11 Apr
|
2 May
|
6-8 wk |
23 May
|
13 Jun
|
0 wk |
5 Jun
|
2 wk after | |
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